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History and facts:

In the 14th century known as the village of Łodzia, its municipal privilege was granted in 1423. Till the end of the 17th century it was owned by the Bishops of Wrocław. Industry development was succeeded by rapid demographic and space development at the end of the 19th century. After the year 1946 many neighbouring villages, settlements, local communities and towns were attached to Łódź. After the year 1950 it was an important centre of reborn Jewish life. Nowadays it is the main tourist, industrial, cultural and science centre of the region, the second city in Poland in respect of the population number (about 797 000 inhabitants). It is the biggest textile industry centre in Poland; together with other neighbouring towns it forms the Industrial District of Łódź.

Location:

It is situated on the border lines of Wzniesienia Łódzkie (Łódź Hills) and Łaska Wysoczyzna, on the area of the Bzura River, the Ner River and the Oder River basin. Near Łódź there is the Wzniesienia Łódzkie (Łódź Hills) Landscape Park and the Struga Dobieszkowska Nature Reserve.

Architecture:

Łódź is called the city of one street. The four-kilometer long artery, which cuts through downtown, is the longest commercial street in Europe. There are the Classical city hall built in 1827 and the garrison church of Holy Ghost built at the end of the 19th century. In Piotrkowska street there are 72 historic buildings - factories, palaces, middle class tenements. The famous Scheibler's House (Piotrkowska 11) was designed by one of the greatest architects of Łódź - Hilary Majewski. A wonderful example of Secessional art is the Bank House (Piotrkowska 29) with a dome decorated with plant themes and masks. One of the most beautiful buildings in Łódź is Julius Heinzl's Palace, currently the seat of the City of Łódź.

The buildings worth seeing are also: the Baroque Franciscan church and monastery (18th century) in Łagiewniki, villas in Kościuszki Street and palaces of manufacturers (i.a. Poznańskich, Hertz), some public buildings of different historical styles and industrial plants open for visitors.

In Bałuty district there is one of the biggest Jewish cemeteries in the world.

There are also many places which commemorate modern history of Poland. In Radogoszcz, a Łódź district, a monument - mausoleum - was built in the place of former ghetto. In Polichno in the location of the partisan battle of Frank Zubrzycki's division there are: The Monument of Military Deed (Pomnik Czynu Zbrojnego), the Museum of Resistance (Muzeum Czynu Partyzanckiego) and the forest heritage park (a partisans' camp).